MongoDB (v3)

MongoDB integration summary

Stitch’s MongoDB integration replicates data using the PyMongo 4.4.0 driver.

MongoDB feature snapshot

A high-level look at Stitch's MongoDB (v3) integration, including release status, useful links, and the features supported in Stitch.

Connecting MongoDB

MongoDB setup requirements

To set up MongoDB in Stitch, you need:

• Privileges in MongoDB that allow you to create/manage users. This is required to create the Stitch database user.

• If using Log-based Incremental Replication, the userAdmin or userAdminAnyDatabase role. This is required to configure the database server for OpLog.

• A MongoDB server that uses Auth mode. Auth mode requires every user who connects to Mongo to have a username and password. These credentials must be validated before the user will be granted access to the database.

• A MongoDB database using a version between 3.6 and 7.0. While older versions may be connected to Stitch, we may not be able to provide support for issues that arise due to unsupported versions.

  We recommend always keeping your version current as a best-practice. If you encounter connection issues or other unexpected behavior, verify that your MongoDB version is one supported by Stitch.

• If using SSL, your server must require SSL connections. Note: SSL isn’t required to connect a MongoDB database to Stitch.

Step 1: Configure database connection settings

In this step, you’ll configure the database server to allow traffic from Stitch to access it. There are two ways to connect your database:

• A direct connection will work if your database is publicly accessible.
• An SSH tunnel is required if your database isn’t publicly accessible. This method uses a publicly accessible instance, or an SSH server, to act as an intermediary between Stitch and your database. The SSH server will forward traffic from Stitch through an encrypted tunnel to the private database.

Click the option you’re using below and follow the instructions.

Step 2: Create a Stitch database user

• Instructions
• Privileges list

use admin
db.addUser(
  {
    user: "stitch",
    pwd: "<password>",
    roles: ["readAnyDatabase"]
  }
)

use admin
db.createUser(
  {
    user: "stitch",
    pwd: "<password>",
    roles: ["readAnyDatabase"]
  }
)

use admin
db.createUser(
  {
    user: "stitch",
    pwd: "<password>",
    roles: ["readAnyDatabase", {role: "read", db: "local"} ]
  }
)

Step 3: Configure Log-based Incremental Replication

While Log-based Incremental Replication is the most accurate and efficient method of replication, using this replication method may, at times, require manual intervention or impact the source database’s performance. Refer to the Log-based Incremental Replication documentation for more info.

You can also use one of Stitch’s other Replication Methods, which don’t require any database configuration. Replication Methods can be changed at any time.

• Step 3.1: Create a replica set

• Step 3.2: Initiate the replica set

• Step 3.3: Verify OpLog setup and access

Step 3.1: Create a replica set

In this step, you’ll edit the /etc/mongod.conf file to add a replica set. A replica set is a group of mongod processes that maintain the same dataset.

1. Start the MongoDB instance:

   mongod --port 27017
   

2. Connect to the Mongo shell as a root user:

   mongo --port 27017 -u <root_username> -p <password> --authenticationDatabase admin
   

3. Navigate to the /etc/mongod.conf file.

4. In /etc/mongod.conf, uncomment replication and define the following configuration options. Note: As /etc/mongod.conf is a protected file, you may need to assume sudo to edit it.

   replication:
      replSetName: "rs0"
      oplogSizeMB: <integer>
   

   • replSetName: The name for the replica set. In this example, we used rs0. Use the rs.status() command to return this replica set’s name going forward.

   • oplogSizeMB: The maximum size, in megabytes, for the oplog. If undefined, MongoDB will use the default size - refer to MongoDB’s docs for more info.

     When the oplog reaches this size, MongoDB will automatically remove log entries to maintain the maximum oplog size. If Stitch is unable to replicate all of a table’s log entries before they age out, Stitch will re-replicate the table in full to ensure records aren’t missing. Refer to the Log-based Incremental guide for more info and examples.

     Note: If you’re using an existing replica set and want to change its maximum size, use the replSetResizeOplog command.

5. Save the changes.

Step 3.2: Initiate the replica set

Next, you’ll restart the instance and initiate the replica set.

1. Restart mongod with the configuration file:

   sudo mongod --auth --config /etc/mongod.conf
   

2. Connect to the Mongo shell as a root user, replacing <root_username> and <password> with the root user’s username and password:

   mongo --port 27017 -u <root_username> -p <password> --authenticationDatabase admin
   

3. Initiate the replica set, replacing <host_address> with the IP address or endpoint used by the mongod instance:

   rs.initiate({_id: "rs0", members: [{_id: 0, host: "<host_address>:27017"}]})
   

   If successful, you’ll receive a response similar to the following:

   { "ok" : 1 }
   

Step 3.3: Verify OpLog setup and access

Lastly, you’ll verify that the Stitch user can read from the OpLog.

1. Disconnect from the Mongo shell.

2. Reconnect as the Stitch database user you created in Step 2. Replace <stitch_username> and <password> with the Stitch user’s username and password, respectively:

   mongo --port 27017 -u <stitch_username> -p <password> --authenticationDatabase admin
   

3. Switch to the local database:

   use local
   

4. View oplog rows:

   db.oplog.rs.find()
   

   If successful, records from the oplog similar to the following will be returned:

   { "ts" : Timestamp(1524038245, 63), "t" : NumberLong(1), "h" : NumberLong("-596019791399272412"), "v" : 2, "op" : "i", "ns" : "stitchTest.customers", "ui"
   : UUID("0e623d9c-722c-41d5-a5e6-83947cc2466e"), "wall" : ISODate("2018-04-18T07:57:25.065Z"), "o" : { "_id" : 100, "name" : "Finn" } }
   

Step 4: Connect Stitch

In this step, you’ll complete the setup by entering the database’s connection details and defining replication settings in Stitch.

• Step 4.1: Define the database connection details

• Step 4.2: Define the SSH connection details

• Step 4.3: Define the SSL connection details

• Step 4.4: Define Log-based Replication setting

• Step 4.5: Create a replication schedule

• Step 4.6: Save the integration

Step 4.1: Define the database connection details

1. If you aren’t signed into your Stitch account, sign in now.

2. On the Stitch Dashboard page, click the Add Integration button.

3. Locate and click the MongoDB icon.

4. Fill in the fields as follows:

   • Integration Name: Enter a name for the integration. This is the name that will display on the Stitch Dashboard for the integration; it’ll also be used to create the schema in your destination.

     For example, the name “Stitch MongoDB” would create a schema called stitch_mongodb in the destination. Note: The schema name cannot be changed after the integration is saved.

   • Host (Endpoint): Enter the host address (endpoint) used by the MongoDB instance. For example: This could be a network address such as 192.68.0.1, or a server endpoint like dbname.hosting-provider.com.

   • Port: Enter the port used by the MongoDB instance. The default is 27017.

   • Username: Enter the Stitch MongoDB database user’s username.

   • Password: Enter the password for the Stitch MongoDB database user.

Step 4.2: Define the SSH connection details

If you’re using an SSH tunnel to connect your MongoDB database to Stitch, you’ll also need to define the SSH settings. Refer to the Setting up an SSH Tunnel for a database connection guide for assistance with completing these fields.

1. Click the SSH Tunnel checkbox.

2. Fill in the fields as follows:

   • SSH Host: Enter the public IP address or hostname of the server Stitch will SSH into.

   • SSH Port: Enter the SSH port on your server. (22 by default)

   • SSH User: Enter the Stitch Linux (SSH) user’s username.

Step 4.3: Define the SSL connection details

Click the Connect using SSL checkbox if you’re using an SSL connection. Note: The database must support and allow SSL connections for this setting to work correctly.

Step 4.4: Define Log-based Replication setting

In the Log-based Replication section, you can set this as the integration’s default Replication Method.

When enabled, tables that are set to replicate will use Log-based Incremental Replication by default. If you don’t want a table to use Log-based Incremental Replication, you can change it in the Table Settings page for that table.

If this setting isn’t enabled, you’ll have to select a Replication Method for each table you set to replicate.

Step 4.5: Create a replication schedule

In the Replication Frequency section, you’ll create the integration’s replication schedule. An integration’s replication schedule determines how often Stitch runs a replication job, and the time that job begins.

MongoDB integrations support the following replication scheduling methods:

• Replication Frequency

• Anchor Scheduling

• Advanced Scheduling using Cron (Advanced or Premium plans only)

To keep your row usage low, consider setting the integration to replicate less frequently. See the Understanding and Reducing Your Row Usage guide for tips on reducing your usage.

Step 4.6: Save the integration

When finished, click Check and Save.

Stitch will perform a connection test to the MongoDB database; if successful, a Success! message will display at the top of the screen. Note: This test may take a few minutes to complete.

Step 5: Select data to replicate

The last step is to select the collections and fields you want to replicate.

Note: If a replication job is currently in progress, new selections won’t be used until the next job starts.

• Selection options
• Individual collections and fields
• All collections and fields

Initial and historical replication jobs

After you finish setting up MongoDB, its Sync Status may show as Pending on either the Stitch Dashboard or in the Integration Details page.

For a new integration, a Pending status indicates that Stitch is in the process of scheduling the initial replication job for the integration. This may take some time to complete.

Free historical data loads

The first seven days of replication, beginning when data is first replicated, are free. Rows replicated from the new integration during this time won’t count towards your quota. Stitch offers this as a way of testing new integrations, measuring usage, and ensuring historical data volumes don’t quickly consume your quota.

MongoDB replication

• MongoDB Replication Keys

• Heavily nested data and destination column limits

MongoDB Replication Keys

Unlike Replication Keys for other database integrations, those for MongoDB have special considerations due to MongoDB functionality. For example: MongoDB allows multiple data types in a single field, which can cause records to be skipped during replication.

Refer to the MongoDB Replication Keys guide before you define the Replication Keys for your collections, as incorrectly defining Replication Keys can cause data discrepancies.

Heavily nested data and destination column limits

MongoDB documents can contain heavily nested data, meaning an attribute can contain many other attributes.

If your destination doesn’t natively support nested data structures, Stitch will de-nest them to load them into the destination. Depending on how deeply nested the data is and the per table column limit of the destination, Stitch may encounter issues when loading heavily nested data.

Refer to the Nested Data Structures guide for more info and examples.

Did this article help? If you have questions or feedback, feel free to submit a pull request with your suggestions, open an issue on GitHub, or reach out to us.